Preface xiii material than it was possible to use, and I can only hope that my selection has been wise, as it certainly was careful, and that I have not overlooked or omitted any evidence of essential importance. For the illustrations also I am responsible. They have been taken almost entirely from mediaeval sources, and in many instances will be found interesting from an artistic as well as from a technical standpoint. For permission to reproduce them I am indebted to the courtesy of many publishers and owners of manuscripts. L. F. S. Cambridge